How to Calculate Weighted Average Cost of Capital using Google Examples?
This
report is written to calculate weighted Average cost of Capital for Google
which is currently renamed as Alphabet inclusive. And its ticker symbol is
Goog as found by our online quiz help experts online. The detailed analysis is covered in proceeding sections.
Discussion & Analysis
Cost of Equity Calculation
We
will use CAPM model to calculate cost of equity. The detailed assumptions
including calculation are discussed in proceeding sections.
Beta from Regression & Analysts
The
beta for Goog is calculated by regressing last 1 year’s market return with
S&P 500 return. The detailed data is shown in appendix 1. The beta from the
above calculation and other two analysts are given below. We have taken Morningstar beta for our calculation for CAPM as it is
calculated in the most scientific way using input from various stream from
analysts.
Beta Types
|
Value
|
Source
|
Beta from Regression
|
1.40
|
|
Beta from Analyst
|
1.032
|
(Yahoo Finance)
|
Beta from Bloomberg
|
1.07
|
(Bloomberg)
|
Determination of Risk Free Rate
The
risk free rate is taken as yield of 30 years treasury rate. We have taken 2.95%
as risk free rate as shown in appendix 2.
Determination of Market Risk Premium
Market
risk premium is calculated by deducting 30 years S&P 500 return with the
risk free rate as per our online exam help experts. The 30 years S&P 500 return is attached in appendix 3. The
Rm value is as given below:-
Risk Free Rate
|
2.95%
|
(30 years treasury Data)
|
Market Return (RM)
|
11.40%
|
(30 years S&P 500
returns)
|
Market Risk Premium
|
8.45%
|
|
Own-Bond-Yield-plus-Judgmental-Risk-Premium
The
own bond yield plus judgmental risk premium is determined by adding 10 years
bond yield data for Google as attached
in appendix 4 with judgmental risk premium of 3% as given below:-
Bond Yield
|
2.75%
|
(10 years Bond)
|
Risk Premium
|
3%
|
(determine from Equity Risk premimum calculated by
http://pages.stern.nyu.edu/~adamodar/New_Home_Page/datafile/ctryprem.html
|
Equity Risk premium
|
5.75%
|
|
Cost of Preferred Stock
Google
don’t have preferred stock as shown in appendix 5. It means there will be no
consideration of cost of debt in calculation of WACC.
Cost & market Value of Debt
The
market value of debt is calculated by taking information from various bond
issuances as shown in appendix 4 using excel function PV. The detailed
calculation is as given below. We use weighted average method to calculate cost
of debt.
Cost of Debt
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bond Name
|
Amount
|
%ge
|
Cost
|
Years to Maturity
|
Coupon Rate
|
Market value
|
Google 0.01%
|
2000
|
0.381898033
|
0.97%
|
2
|
2%
|
2,007.22
|
Google 3.375%
|
2000
|
0.381898033
|
2.75%
|
9
|
3%
|
1,701.46
|
Google 0.01%
|
1237
|
0.236203934
|
2.32%
|
6
|
4%
|
1,171.90
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average cost
|
1.91%
|
|
|
|
|
|
Market Value of Equity
The
market value of Equity is calculated by multiplying current stock price with
total no. of shares outstanding as per explanation given by online test help experts. The detailed calculation is given below:-
Market value of Equity
|
|
No. of stocks outstanding
|
687.72
|
Current Market price
|
750.26
|
Market price of Equity
|
515968.8072
|
Debt, Equity weightage and WACC calculation
The
debt and equity weightage is found by dividing market value of debt with sum of
market value of both debt and equity. The WACC is then calculated by taking
weighted average of both equity and debt costs with their weightage as shown below:-
Tax rate
|
34%
|
|
Market value of Assets
|
$520,849.39
|
|
Equity %ge
|
99.06%
|
|
Debt %ge
|
0.94%
|
|
WACC
|
11.89%
|
|
Appendix
Appendix 1:- Regression Data
|
|
|
Return
|
|
Date
|
Google
|
S&P 500
|
Google
|
S&P 500
|
11/23/2015
|
750.26
|
2090.11
|
-0.84%
|
0.05%
|
11/16/2015
|
756.6
|
2089.17
|
5.52%
|
3.27%
|
11/9/2015
|
717
|
2023.04
|
-2.28%
|
-3.63%
|
11/2/2015
|
733.76
|
2099.2
|
3.23%
|
0.95%
|
10/26/2015
|
710.81
|
2079.36
|
1.25%
|
0.20%
|
10/19/2015
|
702
|
2075.15
|
6.01%
|
2.07%
|
10/12/2015
|
662.2
|
2033.11
|
2.89%
|
0.90%
|
10/5/2015
|
643.61
|
2014.89
|
2.66%
|
3.26%
|
9/28/2015
|
626.91
|
1951.36
|
2.44%
|
1.04%
|
9/21/2015
|
611.97
|
1931.34
|
-2.75%
|
-1.36%
|
9/14/2015
|
629.25
|
1958.03
|
0.56%
|
-0.15%
|
9/8/2015
|
625.77
|
1961.05
|
4.17%
|
2.07%
|
8/31/2015
|
600.7
|
1921.22
|
-4.71%
|
-3.40%
|
8/24/2015
|
630.38
|
1988.87
|
2.92%
|
0.91%
|
8/17/2015
|
612.48
|
1970.89
|
-6.79%
|
-5.77%
|
8/10/2015
|
657.12
|
2091.54
|
3.43%
|
0.67%
|
8/3/2015
|
635.3
|
2077.57
|
1.55%
|
-1.25%
|
7/27/2015
|
625.61
|
2103.84
|
0.33%
|
1.16%
|
7/20/2015
|
623.56
|
2079.65
|
-7.34%
|
-2.21%
|
7/13/2015
|
672.93
|
2126.64
|
26.94%
|
2.41%
|
7/6/2015
|
530.13
|
2076.62
|
1.29%
|
-0.01%
|
6/29/2015
|
523.4
|
2076.78
|
-1.56%
|
-1.18%
|
6/22/2015
|
531.69
|
2101.49
|
-0.93%
|
-0.40%
|
6/15/2015
|
536.69
|
2109.99
|
0.82%
|
0.76%
|
6/8/2015
|
532.33
|
2094.11
|
-0.19%
|
0.06%
|
6/1/2015
|
533.33
|
2092.83
|
0.23%
|
-0.69%
|
5/26/2015
|
532.11
|
2107.39
|
-1.48%
|
-0.88%
|
5/18/2015
|
540.11
|
2126.06
|
1.17%
|
0.16%
|
5/11/2015
|
533.85
|
2122.73
|
-0.81%
|
0.31%
|
5/4/2015
|
538.22
|
2116.1
|
0.06%
|
0.37%
|
4/27/2015
|
537.9
|
2108.29
|
-4.81%
|
-0.44%
|
4/20/2015
|
565.0626
|
2117.69
|
7.83%
|
1.75%
|
4/13/2015
|
524.0524
|
2081.18
|
-2.96%
|
-0.99%
|
4/6/2015
|
540.0125
|
2102.06
|
0.84%
|
1.70%
|
3/30/2015
|
535.5325
|
2066.96
|
-2.34%
|
0.29%
|
3/23/2015
|
548.3425
|
2061.02
|
-2.15%
|
-2.23%
|
3/16/2015
|
560.3625
|
2108.1
|
2.38%
|
2.66%
|
3/9/2015
|
547.3225
|
2053.4
|
-3.59%
|
-0.86%
|
3/2/2015
|
567.6876
|
2071.26
|
1.66%
|
-1.58%
|
2/23/2015
|
558.4026
|
2104.5
|
3.61%
|
-0.27%
|
2/17/2015
|
538.9525
|
2110.3
|
-1.83%
|
0.63%
|
2/9/2015
|
549.0125
|
2096.99
|
3.39%
|
2.02%
|
2/2/2015
|
531.0024
|
2055.47
|
-0.66%
|
3.03%
|
1/26/2015
|
534.5225
|
1994.99
|
-1.01%
|
-2.77%
|
1/20/2015
|
539.9525
|
2051.82
|
6.27%
|
1.60%
|
1/12/2015
|
508.0823
|
2019.42
|
2.40%
|
-1.24%
|
1/5/2015
|
496.1723
|
2044.81
|
-5.46%
|
-0.65%
|
12/29/2014
|
524.8124
|
2058.2
|
-1.73%
|
-1.46%
|
12/22/2014
|
534.0325
|
2088.77
|
3.42%
|
0.88%
|
12/15/2014
|
516.3523
|
2070.65
|
-0.45%
|
3.41%
|
12/8/2014
|
518.6623
|
2002.33
|
-1.26%
|
-3.52%
|
Appendix 2:- Risk Free Rate
Appendix 3:- S&P 500 return
Appendix 4:- Google Bond yield
Appendix
5:- Cost of Preferred Stock
References
Ø
Penman,
S.H., 2010. Financial Statement and Security Valuation. Fourth Edition,
McGraw-Hill.
Ø
Peirson,
G., Brown, R., Easton, S., Howard, P., and S. Pinder. 2015. Business Finance,
11th edition. Mc-GrawHill, Australia.
Ø
Viney,
C., 2009. McGrath’s Financial Institutions, Instruments and Markets, 6th
edition, McGraw-Hill, Australia.
Ø
Tim
Koller, Marc Goedhart, David Wessels,Valuation, Wiley publications, New York,
Fifth edition,2013
Ø
Ian
Giddy, Methods of Corporate valuation, New York university, 2014.
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